Point at or tap any part to see its name. Tap the switch to flip it. Tap the circle on the wire to look inside.
In the other pictures, amber dots show how much current flows. Here each blue dot stands for an electron. The red-orange dots with a plus sign are the centers of the copper atoms.
In the circuit, the blue dots are drawn far apart so you can see them. A real wire holds far more electrons than anyone could draw.
In the circuit view the dots move far faster than real electrons.
Electrons move from minus to plus. Electricians draw current the other way, from plus to minus, and so do the later circuit pictures. Both describe the same current.
The atoms are a simple model. Each one is drawn as a center with a faint ring for the electrons it holds tight. Real atoms are far smaller and packed closer.
A real lamp cord holds both wires side by side in one jacket. They are drawn apart here to show the loop.
On a real lamp cord, the neutral side has ridges on its jacket. It goes to the plug's wide blade and the socket's silver screw. That is standard trade practice.
A thinner wire carrying the same current has a faster drift. In a thick bar, the same current drifts far slower.
Nothing is used up. For every electron that leaves a piece of wire, another one comes in.
The outlet is fed from the panel, which is not drawn. Its 120 volts can shock you. Test before you touch, every time. That is standard trade practice.